嫁接對秋延后西瓜生長及品質(zhì)的影響

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中圖分類號：S651 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：1673-2871（2025）06-115-05

Effects of grafting on growth and quality of autumn-delayed watermelon

LI Guifen， XIE Huayun， YE Yunfeng， QIN Sihua， LIU Tangjing，HE Yi，LI Tianyan， HONG Rixin， WEI Zhengguang，HUANG Jinyan

（HorticultureReearchnstitute，uangxiAcdemyofAgriculturaliencesnningoo，Guangxina）

Abstract：To study the efects of grafting onthe growthandqualityof autumn-delayed watermelon，using random block design，takinggourdandwild watermelonasrotstocks，Guihongyu watermelonasscion，andself-rootedseedlingsas control，the grafting experiment wascarredouttoinvestigate theeffectsofgraftingonmain stem length，stemdiameter， disease rsistance，yield andqualityofautumn-delayed watermelon，soas toprovide technical basis forautumn-delayed watermelon production.Theresults showed that grafting can significantly improve thegrowth potential，disease resistance，single fruit massand yield of autumn-delayed watermelon.The yield of grafted seedlings was 87.7% -1 15.7% higher than that of self-rooted seedlings，and the yield of gourd grafted seedlings was 115.7% higher than that of self-rooted seedlings.Graftingcan increase the pelhardness whilereducing the pee thicknessandflesh hardness，thereby improvingfruit storageand transportation and tastequality.Grafting could notincrease the soluble solidscontentof autumn-delayed watermelon，butgourdrootstockcould increasethecontentoffructose，sucrose，lycopene，vitaminCandtheratio offructose to glucose（F/G），thus improving the flavor qualityandnutritional qualityof autumn-delayed watermelon. Wild watermelon rootstocks significantlyreduced thecontent oflycopene，vitamin C，citrullineand theratiooffructose to glucose（F/G），thusreducing theflavorqualityand nutritionalquality.Insummary，the growth，yieldand fruit qualityof the gourdgraftedsedlings were beterthanthoseofthewildwatermelongraftedseedlings，therefore，gourdis moresuitable as a grafting rootstock for autumn-delayed cultivation of watermelon than wild watermelon.

Keywords：Watermelon; Grafting;Rootstock;Autumn-delayed cultivation; Growth; Quality

西瓜是我國重要的經(jīng)濟作物，受高溫和多雨等自然因素的影響，秋季北方西瓜上市量大大減少，價格也逐漸上漲，因地理和氣候的優(yōu)勢，秋延后生產(chǎn)是廣西南寧西瓜產(chǎn)區(qū)的主要栽培模式。（剩余7402字）