高職院校實(shí)施 1+X 證書(shū)制度的困境與紓解策略研究

——以天津市為例

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Abstract;Humancapital is the most important resource intheeconomicdevelopment.Currently，therearesome dilemmas in the implementation of the 1+X certificate system in vocational colleges in Tianjin such as the low recognition rate of vocationalskilllevelertificates，teinsufcintintegationofvocationalskillevelcrtfcatesandsandardswithalentcultivtion，theperfunctoryvocationalskilstraining，andtheunimplementedaccumulationandtransformationof learningachievements.Basedonthis，some countermeasures are proposed，including buildingacolaborativemechanismfortheinterestsof multipleentities，timelymodifyingrelevantpolicytextsaccording tobigdataforeducationadministrationdepartments，taking intoaccount thepublic welfareofeducationandcorporate profitabilityfortraining andevaluationorganizations，and improvingthequalityofcertificate introduction for vocationalcollges.Itaims toprovidereference for improving theimplemntation level of the 1+X certificate system for vocational collges，promoting the quality and level of running schools，adjusting and upgrading of industrial structure and regional economic development in Tianjin.

Keywords：vocational colleges; 1+Λ certificatesystem;dilemma;countermeasures

2019年1月，《國(guó)家職業(yè)教育改革實(shí)施方案》正式發(fā)布，明確了職業(yè)教育是和普通教育享有同等地位的類(lèi)型教育[1]，并出臺(tái)了適應(yīng)其作為類(lèi)型教育的人才培養(yǎng)培訓(xùn)制度— ?1+X 證書(shū)制度，即“學(xué)歷證書(shū)” + “職業(yè)技能等級(jí)證書(shū)”制度，“1”與“X”融合互補(bǔ)，打破學(xué)歷教育與職業(yè)技能等級(jí)培訓(xùn)之間的藩籬，促進(jìn)職業(yè)教育高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，技術(shù)技能人才培養(yǎng)深度貼切行業(yè)、企業(yè)需求。（剩余7428字）