白薇常見病蟲害種類及其防治措施

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中圖分類號 S462;S433 文獻標識碼A 文章編號 1007-7731(2025)12-0102-05

DOI號 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.12.024

Common species of diseases and pests in Cynanchum atratum Bge.and their prevention andcontrol measures

YIN Jie

(Liaoning Poplar Research Institute, Gaizhou 11520o, China)

AbstractTo efectively prevent and control the diseases and pests in Cynanchum atratum Bge.,and improve crop yieldandquality,the commonspeciesand characteristics of diseases and pests inthis plant were analyzed,and its comprehensive prevention and control measures were elaborated.In practice,common diseases of this plant included root rotandleaf spot disease.Rootrot diseasecouldoccurthroughouttheentire growing season,andtherot system was its main affectedarea.The pathogenic bacteria were various Fusarium spp.Soil moisture,soil fertility,environmental temperature,planting density,and cropcontinuous cropping were themain influencing factors foritsoccurrence;leaf spot disease could easily hinder plant growth, weaken photosynthesis,and was caused by Alternaria spp.Seasonal changes,planting density,soil fertility,and variety resistance were the main influencing factors forits occurrence. Common insectpests included aphids and grubs,among which aphidsafected the normal morphology and growth of plants,reduced seed settingrateandquality,and exhibit obvious seasonalchanges.They form peaked period before the arrival of high temperatures in summer and when temperatures gradually decrease in autumn,with temperature, humidity,andlightbeing themain influencingfactors;grubsfeedontherootsystemof theplant,affectingtheabsorption and transportation of water and nutrients by the Cynanchum atratum Bge.This pest completed one generation reproduction in most areas within 1-2 years,andsoil properties and climatic conditions were the main influencing factors for itsoccurence.In terms of prevention and control measures,physical methods such as manual hunting and trapping with tooscould efectivelycontrolthe spread of diseasesand pests;selectionandapplicationof appropriate fungicides,pesticidesand other chemical control means,such asroot rot treatmentby irigation and aphid control by spray,could reduce itsadverseefects;used beneficial microrganismsand introducednatural enemies insects for biologicalcontrol could enhance plant disease resistance；adopted reasonable crop rotation and intercropping, strengthening fieldmanagementand otheragriculturalcontrol methodscouldreduce theriskof diseaseandpest occurrence.This article provides references for improving the level of disease and pest control in Cynanchum atratum Bge.and promoting the sustainable development of the industry.

KeywordsCynanchum atratum Bge.; disease and pest control; soil; root rot disease; aphid; biological control

白薇（CynanchumatratumBge.)是蘿蘑科植物，其根及根莖均可人藥，具有較高的藥用價值，在清熱涼血、利尿通淋等方面有一定功效。（剩余7736字）