哈密地區(qū)棉花化肥減量增效技術(shù)及優(yōu)化策略

中圖分類號 S146 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼A 文章編號 1007-7731（2025）12-0035-03

DOI號 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.12.009

Techniques and optimization strategies for reducing and increasing fertilization efficiency of cotton in Hami region

ZULIPIEM ? Yusupu 1，2 HU Xuelin1 ALIYA·Sidik1 ZHANG Lu1 LIUQianqian 1，2 QIAN Wenjie1

（1Agricultural Science Research Institute of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps， Hami 839000， China;

2Agricultural Development Service Center of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps， Hami 839000， China）

AbstractTo improve theyieldand qualityofcotton in Hami City，Xinjiang，the technology of reducing and increasig fertilizer efficiencyintheregionwassummarized，the links that need furtherimprovement inthecotton production fertilization process wereanalyzed，andoptimized fertlizationstrategies wereproposed.The technologyof reducingand increasing fertilizer eficiency includessoil testing formula fertilization technology，straw returning technology，andintegratedwaterandfertilizer technology.Theapplicationofrelated technologies helps to ensure balanced nutrient supply，increase soil organic mater content，and improve crop yield.Thereare some urgent optimization linksin the fertilization managementof cotton production in theresearcharea，mainly including imbalance inthe ratioofnitrogen，phosphorus，andpotassiumfertilizer，insuffcientsupplyoforganicfertilizer，andlackoftrace elementfertilizers.Basedonthis，optimized fertilization strategiesare proposed：scientific fertilization，promoting the integratedservice model of“detection，configuration，production，provision，and application”throughout the entire process，and strengthening the promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization technology;take measures such as returning straw tothefieldand increasingtheapplicationoforganic fertilizer to improvesoil structure and enhance the persistenceoffertilizerefficiency;reasonablyallocatetheproportionoffertilizers，organicfertilizers，and traceelement fertilizerstoimprovetheaccuracyoffertilization.Thisarticleprovidesreferencesforhighqualityandeficientcotton production in relevant regions.

Keywordsfertilizer;cotton；soil testingand formula fertilization; straw returning;reductionand effciency improvement

棉花種植面積較大，近年來，隨著化肥施用量的增加和連年耕作，部分地區(qū)氮肥施用水平可能超過作物需肥量，導(dǎo)致土壤質(zhì)量下降、養(yǎng)分殘余增加，具體表現(xiàn)為土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量減少，堿解氮和有效磷含量升高，在一定程度上增加了種植成本，同時可能造成環(huán)境污染，加重病蟲害的發(fā)生。（剩余3673字）