電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸裂紋失效分析

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Abstract： Analyze the chemical composition， mechanical properties，macroscopic morphology of the fracture， scanning data of the fracture and usage conditions of the failed motor spindle.The results show that the fracture exhibits a fatigue fracture morphology.There are obvious crack sources on the fracture，and obvious fatigue striations in the propagation area.There are X-shaped cracks on the surface of the motor spindle，and the crack propagation direction formsan angleof with the axial direction of the motor spindle.The fracture has the characteristics of torsional fracture.Thecause offailure is thatthe motor spidle generates torsional vibration fatigue cracks under the influence of resonance.

Keywords：motorspindle；torsional vibration；resonance；crack

1 問題的提出

某除塵用增壓鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的電動(dòng)機(jī)在運(yùn)行僅2.5個(gè)月時(shí)，監(jiān)控人員發(fā)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸軸瓦溫度突然升高，停機(jī)檢查后發(fā)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸有X形裂紋，用PDXUC-320C型超聲探傷儀對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，發(fā)現(xiàn)裂紋最深約 53mm ，上下軸瓦均有損傷，將電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸拆下后，發(fā)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸和筋板上均出現(xiàn)裂紋（見圖

1），其中電動(dòng)機(jī)主軸的軸承支撐處產(chǎn)生與軸向呈 裂紋（見圖2），軸肩處產(chǎn)生X形交叉裂紋（見圖3）。（剩余2763字）