覆蓋模式對黃土旱塬區(qū)春玉米生長及水分利用的影響

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Abstract：To study the effectsof diferent mulching pattrns onthe growthand wateruseof spring maize in the rain-fed drylandofthe LoessPlateau，research wasconducted to seek anoptimizedmulching patern for water harvesting and moistureconservation usingreduced plastic film mulching inrainfed areas.Starting in2O21，a fixed-location experiment was setup with three mulchingpaterns：wide polyethylene filmmulching （PM），wide biodegradable filmmulching （BM）， andreduced-width strip mulchingusingboth polyethyleneandbiodegradable films （FH）.The study examinedtheimpactof these different mulching patters on soil moisture，green leaf area index，yieldand water use in spring maize.The results indicatedthattheFHtreatmenthadasuperioreffectonsoilmoisturerestorationcomparedtoPMandBMtreatments.Bythe endofthesecondplantingseason，theFHtreatmentsignificantly increasedthemoisturecontentindeepsoillayers，showing a7-perentage-point increase over thePM treatment anda2.5-percentage-point increase over the BMtreatment.FH treatmentsignificantlydelayedtheadverseeffectsofdroughtstressonthegreenleafareawiththeleafareaindex duringthe flowering stage under drought conditions increasing by 11.9% to 15.7% compared to PMand BM，and by the harvest stage， the leaf area index of spring maize increased by 4.3% to 113.8% compared to PM and BM treatments.FH treatment increased 100-seed weight by 3.9%～11.3% comparedwithPMandBMtreatment.The 2-yearaverageyieldFH treatment increased by 4.7% compared with PM and 7.6% compared with BM， the average water consumption decreased by 9.2%～ 11.5% ，theprecipitation efficiency and averagewater efficiency increased by 5.5% and 22.2% ， 7.7% and 19.2% compared with Mand BM treatment，respectively.In summary，F(xiàn)H mulchingreduced the input of biodegradable film while maintaining similar moistureconservationcapabilities as PM. Underconditions ofhigher precipitation，the water harvesting and moisture conservation performance ofFH wassuperior to both PMand BM，making ita viable optimized mulching pattern for reduced plastic filmuse in rainfed dryland areas.

Keywords：Loess plateau; spring maize; water use efficiency; biodegradable mulch; mulch film

玉米是西北黃土旱塬區(qū)重要的糧飼作物。（剩余11928字）