冬季兩項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)距離比賽致勝因素比較與備戰(zhàn)策略研究

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Abstract Objective： To provide theoretical basis for our country to perfect the training and preparation strategies of biathlon.Methods：Literature research method，comparative analysis method，mathematical statistics method.Results：1） The sample athletes from Norway，F(xiàn)rance，and Germany achieved beter results in the long-distance races of the IBU Cup Series than those from other countries;2） The Chinese sampleathletes' Cross-Country Skiing speed maintenance and sprinting ability were lower than those offoreign sample athletes， and the shooting hit rate was low，the shooting area stayed for a long time，and the shooting rhythm was unstable；3）The Chinese and foreign sample athletes had similarities in body shape，but there were certain diferences in bodyfatrateand defatted body weight; 4） There were obvious diferences inbody shape，physiological function and sports quality between Chinese and foreign sample athletes;5）The focus of psychological monitoring of biathlonathletes in Chinaand foreigncountries is diferent，butthereare diferences inevaluation methods; 6） Chinese sample athletes place more emphasis on shooting training inthe basic consolidation stage，and the training plans of foreign sample athletes place more emphasis on training with competition.Conclusion： 1）

WecanlearnfromthebeneficialexperienceofNorway，F(xiàn)ranceandGermanyintheselectionofreservetalents for biathlon，training methods and means，and international cooperation. 2）The biathlon athletes in our country should make up for the shortboard of skiing ability，improve aerobic endurance，strengthen the special project technology of conversion area，and improve shooting accuracy.3） Our country's biathlon athletes should deal with the physical morphological characteristics ofworld-class biathlon athletes in foreign countries，starting from sports nutrition，strengthening muscle function training，grasping the special project characteristicsof biathlon， adjustingphysical training，and strengthening shooting psychological training intervention.Inaddition，our country should improvethe physical fitness monitoring system of biathlon athletes and the psychological monitoring means of biathlon athletes.

Keywordsbiathlon; long-distance races; performance analysis; wining factors; preparation strategies

冬季兩項(xiàng)男子 20km 個(gè)人賽從1960 年斯闊谷冬奧會(huì)正式拉開(kāi)序幕，自此便在歐洲得以快速發(fā)展，并逐漸形成了完善的運(yùn)動(dòng)員選材、后備人才培養(yǎng)、訓(xùn)練、競(jìng)賽體系。（剩余18284字）