長時間尺度草地物種多樣性-群落穩(wěn)定性關(guān)系及機制

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關(guān)鍵詞：時間尺度；物種多樣性；群落穩(wěn)定性；異步性；種群穩(wěn)定性；統(tǒng)計平均效應(yīng)中圖分類號： .2 文獻標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1007-0435（2025）04-1239-10

Abstract：Revealing the paterns，relationships，and potential mechanisms ofchanges in grassland species diversity and community stability on long time scales is one of the core objectives of ecological research.Based on a 40-year long-term monitoring experiment in a typical steppe in Yunwu Mountain，Ningxia，this study used Patrick's species richnessindex，Shannon-Wiener diversity index，and other indicators to measure species diversity.By applying mathematical decomposition methods，community stability was broken down into population stability，asynchrony，compensatory efects，and statistical averaging effects.Using generalinear models and random forest models，the relationships and underlying mechanisms between species diversity and community stability were explored.The results showed that from 1982 to 2O21，both grassand species diversity and community stability exhibited a“unimodal" patern ofchange. Species diversity was predominantly positively correlated with community stability.The diferent mechanisms were allpositively corelated with community stability，with their explanatory power for community stability variation ranked as follows：population stability （ 9 4 % ） > asynchrony （ 8 6 % ） > statistical averaging effect （ 6 4 % ） compensatory effect （ 4 6 % ） . In summary，allfour mechanisms contributed to the maintenance of community stability，but the statistical averaging effect was more critical than the compensatory effect.

Key words： Time scale； Species diversity； Community stability； Asynchrony； Population stability； Statisticalaveraging effect

人類活動和氣候變化引起的全球物種多樣性的持續(xù)減少顯著改變了草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能，進而降低了草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為人類提供服務(wù)的能力[1-3，而生態(tài)系統(tǒng)維持其功能和服務(wù)的能力與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性密切相關(guān)[4-5]。（剩余15066字）