鴨茅銹病相關(guān)病原真菌生理特性研究及毒性分析

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Abstract：Rust is one of the most important diseases that harms orchardgrass In order to clarify the pathogen species，physiological characteristics and toxicity of Dactylis glomerata rust in Sichuan （Ya'an） and Chongqing （Fengdu，Qianjiang and Rongchang），a total of 7 representative samples （3 strains of PD，PD1，PD2 in Rongchang area，2 strains of PD3，PD4 in ，1 strain of PD5 in Fengdu and 1 strain of PD6 in Qianjiang） were selected from the collcted samples in Rongchang area for morphological and molecular biological identification. Seven pathogens were identified as Puccinia graminis.The biological characteristics of rust fungi were studied from 4 aspects： temperature， ， light and nutrients. The results showed that the optimum temperature and for urediospore germination was and7for . The germination rate was ranged from 91 . 8 6 % to 9 3 . 0 4 % ： 0 . 1 % sucrose could promote the germination of spores within ，and 20 % juice could inhibit the germination of spores.Light conditions had no significant efect onthe germination of urediospores. Temperature of for was lethal to urediospores. At the same time，it was found that there were four physiological races in this area. Among them，the frequency of type I was 40 . 9 1 % ，which was the dominant physiological race of orchardgrass rust in this area. Key Words：Orchardgrass；Biological Characteristics；Puccinia graminis；Isolation and identification

植物病害是受生物或非生物因素脅迫，阻礙農(nóng)作物正常生長、發(fā)育的進(jìn)程，降低農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)，影響作物栽培與育種，造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的主要因素之一，在世界各地區(qū)頻繁發(fā)生[。（剩余17326字）