基于改進 YOLOv5s的安全帽檢測算法

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摘要：針對于工業(yè)場所中密集場景下安全帽佩戴出現(xiàn)的漏檢情況以及提高檢測精度，提出了一種基于改進YOLOv5s的工業(yè)安全帽檢測算法.首先，采用CIOU優(yōu)化Soft-NMS對密集人群重疊的情況，減少重疊目標(biāo)的漏檢，從而提高了安全帽檢測的準(zhǔn)確性.其次，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)的中間層添加輔助訓(xùn)練頭引入豐富的梯度信息，最后，輔助訓(xùn)練頭結(jié)合Optimal Transport Assignment 添加到Loss中，通過最優(yōu)的目標(biāo)匹配，減少模型的漏檢和誤檢的情況，從而提升模型的準(zhǔn)確率和召回率.實驗結(jié)果表明，改進后的算法平均精確值（mAP@50-90）值為68.3%，相對于原YOLOv5s算法提升了3.8%，準(zhǔn)確率為92.3%，相較于原YOLOv5s算法提高了0.7%.

關(guān)鍵詞：YOLOv5s;安全帽檢測；Soft-NMS;OTA

中圖分類號：TP391文獻標(biāo)志碼：A

Helmet Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv5s

XING Xuekai'， LIU Chengyi'， HU Guohua'， LIAN Shun2

（1.School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering， Hefei University， Hefei 230601， China;2. iFLYTEK Co.， Ltd.， Hefei 230088， China）

Abstract： Aiming to the issue of missing detections of helmet wearing， a helmet detection algorithm based on improved version of YOLOv5s is proposed in order to enhance the accuracy of helmet detection in densely populated scenes within industrial environments. Firstly， CIOU is used to optimize Soft-NMS for handling overlapping instances， thereby reducing the occurrence of missed detections and improving the accuracy of helmet detection. Secondly， an auxiliary training head is introduced into the network's middle layer to incorporate rich gradient information. Finally， this auxiliary training head is integrated into Loss using Optimal Transport Assignment， which optimally matches targets to reduce cases of missing and false detections， enhancing both accuracy and recall rates of the model. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm achieves an average precision value（mAP@50-90） of 68.3%， surpassing the original YOLOv5s algorithm by 3. 8%. Additionally， the accuracy of the improved algorithm reaches 92.3%， which is 0.7% higher than that achieved by the original YOLOv5s algorithm.

Key words： YOLOv5s; helmet testing; Soft-NMS; OTA 收稿日期：2024-04-23

在采礦、機械工業(yè)、冶金高溫作業(yè)場所、建筑工地等高危行業(yè)，安全生產(chǎn)始終是第一位.佩戴安全帽能夠有效地預(yù)防作業(yè)過程中高空墜物對頭部的傷害、防止物體打擊的傷害、防止機械性的損傷，是有效保障作業(yè)工人人身安全的重要措施11.在上述的高危工作場所工作的人員佩戴安全帽尤為的重要，以往在上述的工作場景中，主要以人工監(jiān)督工人是否佩戴安全帽，不僅浪費人力并且無法保證監(jiān)管的效果。（剩余6720字）