蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)驗”與新中國成立初期中央計劉部門的創(chuàng)建

[中圖分類號]D232；K275 [文獻標志碼］A［文章編號]1003-3815（2025）-02-0095-16

The“Soviet Experience” and the Establishment of Central Planning Departments in the EarlyYears of thePeople’sRepublicof China

Chen Li

Abstract： In the early years of the People's Republic of China，asignificant number offormerpersonnel from the Nationalist government's Resources Commisson were incorporated into the newly established central planning departments.This phenomenon led some later researchers to argue that there was a degree of historical“continuity” between the old and new regimes in terms of building a planned economic system，suggesting that China’s planed economy originated more from the“Republican legacy”than from the“Soviet experience.”However，a historical examination of the establishment of the PRC’s central planning organs reveals the complex nature of the “Soviet experience.”The CPC’s personnel appointments in the Planning Bureau experienced a change from “Party memberization”to a model of“coexistence between the old and new cadres.”However，this transitional arrangement did not steer thePRC toward thedevelopment of a planned economy.Instead，itultimately prompted the CPC to establish the State Planning Commission with a fundamentally different personnel composition.

對于新中國建立計劃經(jīng)濟的歷程，毛澤東曾有過一段“照搬說”的經(jīng)典敘述：“全國解放后，一九五○年至一九五七年，在經(jīng)濟工作和文教工作中產(chǎn)生了教條主義經(jīng)濟工作中的教條主義，主要表現(xiàn)在重工業(yè)工作、計劃工作、銀行工作和統(tǒng)計工作方面，特別是重工業(yè)和計劃方面，因為我們不懂，完全沒有經(jīng)驗，橫豎自己不曉得，只好搬我們對蘇聯(lián)和中國的情況都不了解。（剩余20277字）