考慮藥包爆破動-靜時序作用的漏斗形成機理

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中圖分類號：0383.1 國標學科代碼：13035 文獻標志碼：A

Abstract：Research on blasting craters isoneof the most fundamental studies in blastingenginering.To elucidate the formation processand mechanisms ofblasting craters andto investigate theroles ofblasting stresswaves and explosion gases in rock fragmentation during thisprocess，a blasting load model was developed.This model is basedona double-expoential explosiveload functionandthe equationofstatefor explosiongas pressre，incorporating the dynamic-static sequentialfects of blasting.Bycombining the distinctloading characteristicsofblasting stresswaves and explosion gases，adiscrete elemnt numerical modelof the blasting craterwas established tosimulatethe developmentoffractures，rock fragmentationand ejectionof blastedrock.Simulations were performed both withand without the inclusionof explosion gasloading to explore the espective contributions of blasting stresswaves and explosion gases to crater formation.Theresults show thatthe blasting craterdimensions simulated with the dynamic-static sequential loading model aligncloselywith field testresults，acurately capturingthe formationand evolutionoffractures inthe blastingzoneandtheejectionbehavioroffragmentedrock.The high loadingrateofblastingstresswaves is the primarycauseofring-shaped microfractures in thenear-fieldregionofthe explosion source，whichcanalsoinducereflective tensiledamage，forming“slicedrop”failureatfreesurfaces.Explosion gases，onthe otherhand，arethemaindriversofradially extensive fractures inthefar-fieldregionof theexplosionsource and propel fragmentedrockoutwardatahigh velocity.Explosion gases exhibitnotonlyquasi-staticeffectsbutalsodynamic effects， extending the duration of blasting vibrations and amplifying the peak vibration velocity.The developmentof fractures during crater formationcanbebroadlycategorzed intothreestages：tresswave-induced fracturing，explosiongas-inducedfracturing， and deformation energy release-induced fracturing.

Keywords：blasting crater； blasting stresswave； explosion gas； fracture development； dynamic-static sequential action

鉆孔爆破作為一種高效經(jīng)濟的破巖手段，長期應用于水利水電、礦山、交通、軍事等多個領域[。（剩余19875字）