局部麻醉下輸尿管軟鏡碎石術(shù)圍手術(shù)期管理的研究進(jìn)展

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ABSTRACT：Flexible ureteral lithotripsy （FURL） under general anesthesia （GA） is the dominant method in the treatment of renal and upper ureteral calculi，but some patients cannot tolerate GA.In recent years，there has been a growing interest in the use of local anesthesia （LA） as a safe and effective alternative.And it is also an option for patients who have calculi ≤20 mm with high fragility，lower CT value and better compatibility.Before surgery，it is important to conduct relevant examinations，evaluate the status of patients，prevent infections，and indwell ureteral stents.During surgery，lithotomy position，scissors position，prone leg position and other positions should be selected according to the specific conditions of patients.LA drugs should be used to control physiological pain and relieve psychological anxiety.Patients breathing state should be carefully monitored，and appropriate ureteroscope and lens sheath should be selected for the success and safety of the operation.In this paper，the perioperative management of FURL under LA is briefly summarized，so as to provide reference for clinical practice.

摘要：

全身麻醉（GA）下輸尿管軟鏡碎石術(shù)（FURL）在腎結(jié)石及輸尿管上段結(jié)石的治療中占據(jù)著重要地位，但部分患者無法耐受GA。（剩余14713字）